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I  iff 


WILLIAM  CULLEN  BRYANT. 


FUNERAL   ORATION 

BY 

W.  H.iBELLOWS.  D.D. 


NEW     YOEK: 


The  Metropolitan  Pulpit  &   Homiletic  Monthly, 

This  periodical,  with  the  October  No.,  1877,  was  greatly  eiilarg  >1  aul  improved.  It  is  t  Li  ; 
very  greatest  value  to  ev^ry  minister  and  to  every  oiie  preparing  for  the  ministry.  It  is  full 
of  hints,  from  our  ablesv  clergymen  as  to  the  best  and  most  effective  methods  of  sermon 
izing.  'It  contains  criticisms  on  faulty  styles  of  preaching,  illustrations  of  homiletical 
rules,  homiletical  comments  on  portions  of  Scriptures,  condensations  of  leading  sermons 
preached  each  month  by  the  most  eminent  divines  in  New  York,  Brooklyn  and  other  por 
tions  of  this  country,  Canada  and  Europe.  These  condensations  are,  in  large  part,  pre 
pared  by  the  clergymen  themselves  for  this  publication.  They  give,  in  brief,  the  entire 
sermon,  presenting  the  line  of  thought,  divisions,  illustrations,  etc.  Thus  the  entire  ser 
mon  may  be  comprehended  almost  at  a  glance. 

The  Kev.  Hyatt  Smith  expresses  this  idea  in  a  note  to  us  : 

"  In  your  PULPIT  you  give  the  drift  and  spirit  of  the  discourse  ;  and  it  is  just  this  which 
make-;  your  periodical  a  welcome  visitor  to  my  study.  As  I  run  over  its  pages,  I  get  a  bird's- 
eye  view  of  the  gospel  battle-field,  and  see  my  brethren  of  different  denominations  fight 
ing  the  fight  of  faith,  in  various  ways,  for  the  common  victory  of  Christ." 

For  a  similar  reason,  Dr.  Cuyler,  in  a  letter  to  us,  pronounces  the  publication  "very 
valuable." 

In  our  reports  of  sermons,  in  this  publication,  all  considerable  denominations  and  all 
sections  of  this  and  other  countries  are  represented,  so  that  an  opportunity  is  given  lor  the 
study  of  all  styles  of  sermonizing  What  can  be  more  important  to  a  clergyman  than  this  ? 
It  enables  him  to  learn  from  his  brothers,  as  do  lawyers  from  their  fellow  lawyers  in  their 
law  journals.  In  this  is  the  advantage  to  scientists  of  scientific  monthlies,  to  doctors  of 
medical  periodicals,  to  farmers  of  agricultural  papers,  to  artists  of  art  journals.  Are 
clergymen  alone  to  refuse  to  learn  from  one  another,  to  be  isolated,  to  be  shut  up  to  their 
own  narrow  experience,  because  of  a  poorly  instructed,  Childish  fear  that  they  may  harm 
their  independence,  endangerjttfeit  originality  5  jTh£  flajtford  Religious  Herald,  in  noticing 
this  objection,  says  that  :  Truly*  independent  aL^gSntviife  preachers  will  not  be  troubled 
with  this  fear.  Rev.  J.  C.  Jljjle./me^f  .tlje,  ^ablest  and  jaqst  conservative  preachers  in 
England,  in  a  lecture  to/cVsgJipen  ju{  ioad«q,  tecefitjy*said  •* 

"  Do  you  ever  read  tlie  ser  mon%  of  Sp*u*r*geon "?  *I  &m*nt>t"a1jit  ashamed  to  say  that  I  often 
do.  I  like  to  gather  hints  about  preaching  trom  all  quarters.  *  *  *  Preachers  ought 
always  to  examine  and  analyze  sermons  that  draw  people  together." 

ITS  POPULABITY. 

"We  have  received,  literally,  thousands  of  letters  from  clergymen,  in  this  and  other  coun 
tries  (of  the  number  are  presidents  of  colleges,  professors  in  theological  seminaries,  editors 
of  some  of  our  ablest  religious  journals  ,  commending  most  highly  this  monthly,  especially 
as  now  improved. 
.  Says  one,  a  professor  in  a  college  : 

"  Your  publications  are  most  valuable  in  perfecting  styles  of  preaching.  They  will  mark 
an  era  in  the  history  of  the  American  Pulpit." 

Says  another  :  "  There  may  be  a  better  work  of  this  kind  published  somewhere,  but  I 
have  never  seen  it ." 

Another :  "I  do  not  see  how  your  improved  PULPIT  can  be  improved." 

Another  :  "Your  hints,  your  comments  upon  Scripture,  the  elucidation  of  rules  of  homi- 
letics  are  most  helpful,  and  cannot  but  prove  of  great  benefit  to  clergymen  everywhere 
and  of  every  variety  of  experience." 

Another  :  "  A  clergyman's  magazine  of  this  nature  must  have  an  incalculably  good  effect 
in  widening  and  deepening  and  refining  the  culture  ot  the  clergy.  It  brings  us  together, 
and  not  anything  so  refines  people  as  association." 

Of  the  many  comments  which  have  appeared  in  the  religious  press,  we  quote  the  follow 
ing  from  the  October  number,  just  issued,  of  that  ablest  of  American  quarterlies,  Th* 
J*resbyterian  Quarterly  and  Princeton  Review  : 

"  It  speaks  well  for  our  friends,  the  enterprising  publishers,  and  for  the  ministry  of  the 
day,  that  they  are  meeting  with  such  decided  success  in  the  several  works  they  have  un 
dertaken.  A  year  since  they  started  The  Metropolitan  Pulpit,  which  has  already  reached  a 
circulation  of  6,000  copies,  and  is  to  be  doubled  in  size  in  future  issues.  Six  months  ago 
they  issued  the  first  number  ot  The  Complete  Preacher — a  much  larger  work — which  has 
already  reached  a  circulation  of  about  4,000  copies.  And  now  they  have  published  the 
Homilist,  which  bids  fair  to  attain  to  something  of  the  immense  popularity  which  it  has  in 
Great  Britain.  The  success  of  such  works  is  a  marked  indication  of  a  new  and  rapidly  de 
veloping  interest  in  the  methods  of  preaching.  Happily,  our  preachers  of  all  denomina 
tions  are  not  content  with  the  modes  and  attainments  of  the  past,  but  are  reaching  after 
all  the  light  and  help  available  in  order  to  improve  upon  them." 

Subscription  price,  per  year,  $2.00  ;  Single  Number,  25  cents. 

BELIGIOUS  NEWSPAPER  A&ENCY,  21  Barclay  St,»  N.  Y, 


©xmtimx  at  tUt  ffxxtxeval  xrf 


DELIVERED  IN  ALL-SOULS'  CHURCH,  NEW  YORK,  JUNE  14,  1878,  BY  Henry  W. 

Bellows,  D.D. 

THE  whole  country  is  bending  with  us,  their  favored  repre 
sentatives,  over  the  bier  that  holds  the  dust  of  Bryant  !  Private 
as  the  simple  service  is  that  consigns  the  ashes  of  our  illustrious 
poet  and  journalist  to  the  grave,  there  is  public  mourning  in 
all  hearts  and  homes,  making  these  funeral  rites  solemn  and 
universal  by  the  sympathy  that  from  every  quarter  flows 
toward  them,  and  swells  the  current  of  grateful  and  reverent 
emotion.  Much  as  the  modest,  unworldly  spirit  of  the  man 
we  mourn  shrunk  from  the  parade  of  public  rites,  leaving  to 
his  heirs  the  duty  of  a  rigid  simplicity  in  his  funeral,  neither 
his  wishes  nor  theirs  could  render  his  death  and  burial  less 
than  an  event  of  general  significance  and  national  concern.  It 
is  not  for  his  glory  that  we  honor  and  commemorate  him. 
Public  fame,  for  more  than  half  a  century,  has  made  it  need 
less,  or  impossible,  to  add  one  laurel  to  his  crown.  So  long 
ago  he  took  the  place  he  has  since  kept  in  public  admiration, 
respect  and  reverence,  that  no  living  tongue  could  now  dislodge 
or  add  to  the  security  and  mild  splendor  of  his  reputation. 
For  three  generations  he  has  been  a  fixed  star  in  our  firma 
ment,  and  no  eulogy  could  be  so  complete  as  that  which  by 
accumulation  of  meaning  dwells  in  the  simple  mention  of  his 
name. 

Few  lives  have  been  as  fortunate  and  complete  as  his.  Born 
in  1794,  when  this  young  nation  was  in  its  teens,  he  has  been 
contemporary  with  nearly  the  whole  first  century  of  its  life. 
If  no  country  ever  experienced  in  the  same  period  such  a  mir 
acle  of  growth,  if  none  ever  profited  so  much  by  discoveries 
and  inventions  —  never  before  so  wonderful  as  those  made  in 
the  half  century  which  gave  us  steam-navigation,  the  railroad 
and  the  telegraph  —  he  saw  the  birth,  he  antedates  the  exist 
ence  of  every  one  of  the  characteristic  triumphs  of  modern  civ 
ilization,  and  yet  he  has  not  died  until  they  became  wholly 
familiar  and  nearly  universal  in  their  fruitful  influence  !  Born 
and  bred  in  New  England,  and  on  the  summits  of  the  Green 
Mountains,  he  inherited  the  severe  and  simple  tastes  and  habits 
of  that  rugged  region,  and  having  sprung  from  a  vigorous  and 
intellectual  parentage,*  and  in  contact  with  a  few  persons  with 

*  It  is  his  own  father  he  refers  to  in  his  "  Hymn  to  Death  ": 

"  For  he  is  in  his  grave  who  taught  my  youth 
The  art  of  verse,  and  in  the  bud  of  life 
Offered  me  to  the  Muses." 


2         Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant. 

whom  nature  and  books  took  the  place  of  social  pleasures  and 
the  excitements  of  town  and  cities,  his  native  genius  made  him, 
from  a  tender  age,  the  thoughtful  and  intimate  companion  of 
woods  and  streams,  and  constituted  him  Nature's  own  darling 
child.  It  was  a  friendship  so  unfeigned,  so  deep,  so  much  in 
accordance  with  his  temperament  and  mental  constitution  that 
it  grew  into  a  determining  passion  and  shaped  his  whole  life, 
while  in  the  poetry  to  which  it  gave  birth  it  laid  the  founda 
tions  and  erected  the  structure  of  his  poetic  fame.  What 
Wordsworth  did  for  English  poetry,  in  bringing  back  the  taste 
for  Nature,  as  the  counterpart  of  humanity — a  world  to  be 
interpreted  not  by  the  outward  eyes,  but  by  the  soul — Bryant 
did  for  America.  One  who  knew  them  both,  as  I  did,  could 
not  fail  to  observe  the  strong  resemblance  in  character  and 
feeling,  with  the  marked  difference  between  them  on  which  I 
will  not  dwell.  Both  were  reserved,  unsmiling,  austere  or  irre 
sponsive  men,  in  aspect ;  not  at  home  in  cities  or  in  crowds, 
not  easy  of  access,  or  dependent  on  companionship — never 
fully  themselves  except  when  alone  with  nature.  They  coveted 
solitude,  for  it  gave  them  uninterrupted  intercourse  with  that 
beautiful,  companionable,  tender,  unintrusive  world,  which  is 
to  ordinary  souls  dull,  common,  familiar,  but  to  them  was  ever 
new,  ever  mysterious,  ever  delightful  and  instructive. 

Few  know  how  small  a  part  intercourse  with  nature  for  itself 
alone — not  for  what  it  teaches,  but  for  what  it  is,  a  revelation 
of  Divine  beauty  and  wisdom  and  goodness — had  even  a  half 
century  ago  for  the  common  mind.  Wordsworth  in  England, 
Bryant  in  America,  awoke  this  sleeping  capacity,  and  by  their 
tender  and  awed  sense  of  the  spiritual  meaning  conveyed  in 
Nature's  consummate  beauties  and  harmonies,  gave  almost  a 
new  sense  to  our  generation.  Before  their  day  we  had  praises 
of  the  seasons  and  passages  of  poetry  in  which  cataracts,  sun 
sets,  rainbows  and  garden  flowers  were  faithfully  described — 
but  nature  as  a  whole — as  a  presence,  the  very  garment  of  God, 
was  almost  unheeded  and  unknown.  When  we  consider  what 
Bryant's  poems —  read  in  the  public  schools  in  happy  selection 
— have  done  to  form  the  taste  and  feed  the  sentiment  of  two 
generations,  we  shall  begin  to  estimate  the  value  of  his  influ 
ence.  And  when  we  recall  in  all  his  writings  not  a  thought  or 
feeling  that  is  not  pure,  uplifting  and  reverent,  we  can  partly 
measure  the  gratitude  we  owe  to  a  benefactor  whose  genius 
has  consecrated  the  woods,  and  fields,  and  brooks  and  wayside 
flowers,  in  a  way  intelligible  to  plainer  minds,  and  yet  above 
the  criticism  of  the  most  fastidious  and  cultivated. 

But  if  fortunate  in  passing  his  early  life  in  the  country  and 
forming  his  taste  and  his  style  in  communion  with  nature,  and 
with  a  few  good  books  and  a  few  earnest  and  sincere  people,  he 
was  equally  fortunate  in  being  driven  by  a  love  of  independence 


Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.         3 

into  the  study  of  the  law  and  a  ten  years'  practice  in  a  consid 
erable  town  in  Western  Massachusetts,  and  then  drawn  to  this 
city  where  he  drifted  into  the  only  form  of  public  life  wholly 
suited  to  his  capacities — the  editorial  profession. 

It  was  no  accident  that  made  Bryant  a  politician  and  an 
editor.  Sympathy  with  individual  men  and  women  was  not 
his  strong  point — but  sympathy  with  our  common  humanity 
was  in  him  a  religious  passion  He  had  a  constitutional  love 
of  freedom  and  an  intense  sentiment  of  justice,  and  they  con 
stituted  together  his  political  creed  and  policy.  He  believed 
in  freedom — and  this  made  him  a  friend  of  the  oppressed,  an 
enemy  of  slavery,  a  foe  to  special  and  class  legislation,  an  advo 
cate  of  free  trade — a  natural  Democrat,  though  born  and  reared 
in  a  Federal  community  that  looked  with  suspicion  upon 
extensions  of  the  suffrage  and  upon  the  growth  of  local  and 
State  rights.  But  his  love  of  freedom  was  too  genuine  to  allow 
him  to  condone  the  faults  even  of  his  own  party,  when 
freedom's  friends  were  found  on  the  other  side.  He  could  bear, 
he  did  bear  the  odium  of  his  unpopular  conviction,  when  what 
was  called  the  best  society  in  New  York  was  of  another  opin 
ion  and  belonged  to  another  party — and  he  could  bear  with 
equal  fortitude  the  ignominy  of  lacking  party  fidelity,  when 
his  patriotic  spirit  felt  that  his  old  political  friends  were  less 
faithful  than  they  should  be  to  freedom  and  union.  The  edi 
torial  profession  enabled  his  shy  and  somewhat  unsocial  nature 
to  work  at  arm's  length  for  the  good  of  humanity  and  the 
country;  and  I  can  conceive  of  no  other  calling  in  life  that 
would  have  economized  his  temperament  and  faculties  so  fully 
in  the  public  service.  His  literary  skill,  his  industry,  his 
humane  philosophy,  his  sentiments  of  justice,  his  patriotism, 
his  love  of  freedom  here  found  full  scope  without  straining  and 
tasking  his  personal  sympathies,  which  lacked  the  readiness, 
the  tact  and  the  genialty  that  in  some  men  make  direct  con 
tact  with  their  fellow-creatures  an  increase  of  power  and  of  in 
fluence.  What  an  editor  he  made  you  all  know.  None  could 
long  doubt  the  honesty,  the  conscientiousness,  the  elevation 
and  purity  of  his  convictions  or  his  utterances.  Who  believes 
he  ever  swerved  a  line,  for  the  sake  of  popularity  or  pelf,  from 
what  he  felt  to  be  right  and  true  ?  That  he  escaped  all  pros 
titution  of  his  pen  or  his  conscience,  in  his  exposed  and 
tempted  calling,  we  all  admiringly  confess.  And  what  moder 
ation,  candor  and  courage  he  carried  into  his  editorial 
work.  Purity  of  thought,  elegance  and  simplicity 
of  style,  exquisite  taste  and  high  morality  character 
ized  all  he  wrote.  He  rebuked  the  headlong  spirit  of 
party,  sensational  extravagances  of  expression,  even  the  use 
of  new-fangled  phrases  and  un-English  words.  He  could  see 
and  acknowledge  the  merits  of  those  from  whom  he  widely 


4         Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant. 

differed ,  while   unbecoming  personalities  found   no   harbor  in 
his  columns.     Young  men  and  women  never  found  anything 
to  corrupt  their  taste  or  their  morals  in  his  paper,  and  families 
could   safely  lay  the  Evening  Post  upon  the  table  where  their 
children  and  their  guests  might  take  it  up.     Uncompromising 
in  what  his  convictions  commanded,  and   never   evading  the 
frankest  expression  of  his  real  opinion,  however  unpopular,  he 
was  felt  to  be  above  mere  partisanship,  and  so  had  a  decided 
influence  with  men  of  all  political  preferences.     His  prose  was 
in  its  way  as  good  as  his  poetry,  and  has  aided  greatly  to  cor 
rect  the  taste  for  swollen,  gaudy  and  pretentious  writing  in  the 
public  press.     He  was  not  alone  in  this  respect,  for  none  can 
fail  to  recall  the  services  in  this  direction  of  Charles  King  and 
Horace  Greeley,  not  to  name  less  conspicuous  instances.     But 
Bryant's  poetic  fame  gave   peculiar  authority  to    his  editorial 
example,  and  made  his  style  specially  helpful  and  instructive. 
That  he  should  have  succeeded  in  keeping  the  poetic  temper 
ament  and  the  tastes  and  pursuits  of  a  poet  fully  alive  under 
the  active  and  incessant  pressure   of  his  journalistic  labors — 
making  his  bread  and  his  immediate  influence  as  a  citizen  and 
a  leader  of  public  sentiment  by  editorial  work,  while  he  "  built 
the  lofty  rhyme"  for  the  gratification  of  his  genius  and  for  the 
sake  of  beauty  and  art,  without  one  glance  at  immediate  suf 
frages  or  rewards,  if  not  a  solitary,  is  at  least  a  perfect  example 
of  the  union  in  one  man  of  the  power  to  work  with  nearly  equal 
success,  in  two  planes,  where  what  he  did  in  one  did  not  contra 
dict  or  conflict  with  what  he  did   in  the  other,  while  they  were 
not  mingled  or  confounded.     Nobody  detects  the   editor,  the 
politician,  the  man  of  business,  in  Bryant's  poetry,  and  few  feel 
the  poet  in  his  editorial  writings — but  the  man  of  conscience, 
of  humanity,  of  justice  and  truth,  of  purity  and  honor,  appears 
equally  in  both.     This  is  somewhat  the  more   remarkable,  be 
cause  affluence,  versatility  and  humor  are  not  characteristic  of 
his  genius.     It  is  staid,  earnest,  profoundly  truthful  and   pure, 
lofty  and  perfectly  genuine — but  not  mercurial,  vivacious,  pro 
tean  and  brilliant.     Like  the  Jordan  that  leaps  into  being  full, 
strong,  crystal-pure,  but   swells  little  in   its  deep    bed,  all   its 
course  to  its  sea — admitting  few  tributaries  and  putting  out  no 
branches,  Bryant's  genius  sprang  complete   into  public  notice 
when  he  was  still  in  his  teens  ;  it  retained  its  character  for  sixty 
years  almost  unchanged,  and    its  latest  products   are  marked 
with    the  essential  qualities   that  gave    him  his    first  success. 
Never,  perhaps,  was  there   an    instance  of  such   precocity  in 
point  of  wisdom  and  maturity  as  that  which  marked  "  Thana- 
topsis,"  written  at  eighteen,  or  of  such  persistency  in  judgment, 
force  and  melody  as  that  exhibited  in  his  last  public  ode,  written 
ten  at  83,  on  occasion  of  Washington's  last  birthday.     Between 
these  two  bounds  lies  one  even  path,  high,  finished,  faultless, 


Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.         5 

in  which  comes  a  succession  of  poems,  always  meditative, 
always  steeped  in  love  and  knowledge  of  nature,  always  pure 
and  melodious,  always  stamped  with  his  sign-manual,  a  flawless 
taste  and  gem-like  purity — but  never  much  aside  from  the  line 
and  direction  that  marked  the  first  outburst  and  last  flow  of 
his  genius. 

Happy  the  man  that  knows  his  own  powers — their  limits, 
and  their  aptitudes — and  who  confines  himself  rigidly  within 
the  banks  of  his  own  peculiar  inspiration.  Bryant  was  too 
genuine,  too  real  a  lover  of  nature,  too  legitimate  a  child  of 
the  muse,  ever  to  strain  his  own  gift.  He  never  made  verses, 
but  allowed  his  verse  to  flow,  inspired  by  keen  observation  and 
hearty  enjoyment  of  nature,  watching  only  that  it  flowed 
smoothly  and  without  turbulence  or  turbidness,  which  his  con 
summate  art  enabled  him  perfectly  to  accomplish.  Never, 
perhaps,  was  a  natural  gift  more  successfully  trained  and  cul 
tured,  without  losing  its  original  raciness  and  simplicity. 
Nothing  less  than  the  widest  and  deepest  study  of  poetry,  in 
all  literatures,  young  and  old,  in  all  languages  and  schools, 
could  have  enabled  him  to  keep  his  verse  in  such  perfect  finish 
for  sixty  successive  years.  He  knew  all  the  wiles  of  the  poet, 
some  of  which  he  disdained  to  practice — but  of  no  man  in  his 
time  was  it  less  safe  to  assume  ignorance  or  neglect  of  any 
thing  that  belonged  to  the  poet's  art.  His  knowledge  of  po 
etry  was  prodigious,  his  memory  of  it  precise  and  inexhausti 
ble.  He  had  considered  all  the  masters,  and  knew  their  qual 
ity  and  characteristics.  But  marked  as  his  own  style  is,  it  is 
marked  only  with  its  native  hues.  There  is  no  trick  in  his 
adroitness — no  artifice  in  his  art ;  nothing  that  tires,  except  it 
be  the  uniformity  of  its  excellence.  Considering  how  long 
his  genius  has  been  known  and  acknowledged,  and  how  thor 
oughly  he  represents  the  old  school  of  Dryden  in  his  purity 
and  fastidiousness  of  language — it  is,  perhaps,  not  to  be  won 
dered  at  that  his  popularity,  as  a  citizen  and  a  man,  has  even 
somewhat  eclipsed  his  immediate  popularity  as  a  poet.  I 
think  him  fortunate  in  not  having  the  popularity  of  novelty, 
of  fashion,  of  sing-song  verse,  of  morbid  sentiment,  of  mere 
ingenius  thinking,  or  some  temporary  adaptation  to  passing 
moods  of  popular  feeling,  whether  in  universities  or  in  social 
circles.  He  curiously  escaped,  if  indeed  his  truthful  genuine 
ness  of  nature  did  not  give  him  an  original  defence  against  it, 
from  the  introversive,  self-considering,  and  individualistic  tem 
per  which  has  characterized  much  of  the  poetry  of  the  high 
est  academic  culture  in  our  time.  Either  he  was  born  too 
early,  or  he  emigrated  from  New  England  too  early,  to  fall 
under  the  influence  of  this  morbid  subjectiveness ;  or  his 
active  and  practical  pursuits  kept  him  in  the  current  of  real 
life,  and  near  to  the  universal  feeling  of  men.  At  any  rate— 


6         Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant. 

—free,  rational,  as  his  genius  ever  was — there  is  not  a  suspi 
cion  of  the  skeptical  or  denying  element  in  his  works.  He  is 
not  sick  nor  morbid,  nor  melancholy,  nor  discouraged. 

Sentiment  enough  he  has,  but  no  sentimentality;  awe  of  the 
Infinite,  but  no  agnosticism ;  a  recognition  of  all  human  sor 
rows  and  sins,  but  no  querulousness,  much  less  any  despair. 
He  loved  and  honored  human  nature ;  he  feared  and  rever 
enced  his  Maker  ;  he  accepted  Christianity  in  its  historic  char 
acter;  he  believed  in  American  institutions;  he  believed  in  the 
Church  and  its  permanency,  in  its  ordinances  and  its  ministry; 
and  he  was  no  backward-looking  praiser  of  the  times  that  had 
been  and  a  mere  accuser  and  defamer  of  the  times  that  are. 
This  made  his  poetry,  as  it  made  his  prose  and  his-  whole  in 
fluence,  wholesome,  hopeful,  nutritious ;  young,  without  being 
inexperienced  ;  ripe,  without  tending  to  decay.  The  very  ab 
sence  of  those  false  colors  which  give  immediate  attractiveness 
to  the  clothing  of  some  contemporary  poetry,  gives  his  undyed 
and  natural  robes  a  fadeless  charm  which  future  generations 
will  not  forget  to  honor.  Every  one  must  notice  that  great 
immediate  popularity  is  not  a  good  augury  for  enduring  fame ; 
and  futher,  that  poetry,  like  all  the  products  of  the  fine  arts, 
must  have  not  only  positive  quality,  power  and  harmony,  but 
must  add  to  these  freedom  from  defects.  It  is  strange  what  an 
embalming  power  lies  in  purity  of  style  to  preserve  thoughts 
that  would  perish,  even  though  greater  and  more  original  if 
wrapped  in  a  less  perfect  vesture.  What  element  of  decay  is 
there  in  Bryant's  verse  ?  How  universal  his  themes ;  how  in 
telligible  and  level  to  the  common  heart ;  how  little  ingenious, 
vague  or  technical ;  how  free  from  what  is  provincial,  tempo 
rary,  capricious ;  how  unflawed  with  doubtful  figures  or  strained 
comparisons  or  new  and  strange  words ;  how  unmarred  by  a 
forced  order  or  weary  mannerisms  !  He  is  a  rigid  Puritan, 
alike  in  his  morals  and  his  vocabulary ;  there  is  scarcely  a  false 
foot,  a  doubtful  rhyme,  a  luckless  epithet,  a  dubious  sentiment 
anywhere  to  be  found  in  his  works.  And,  perhaps  nature  with 
held  from  him  what  is  called  an  ear  for  music  only  to  empha 
size  his  ear  for  rhythm  and  save  him  from  the  danger  of  a 
clogging  sweetness  and  a  fatiguing  sing-song. 

It  is  the  glory  of  this  man  that  his  character  outshone  even 
his  great  talent  and  his  large  fame.  Distinguished  equally  for 
his  native  gifts  and  consummate  culture,  his  poetic  inspiration 
and  his  exquisite  art,  he  is  honored  and  loved  to-day,  even 
more  for  his  stainless  purity  of  life,  his  unswerving  rectitude  of 
will,  his  devotion  to  the  higher  interests  of  humanity,  his 
unfeigned  patriotism  and  his  broad  humanity.  It  is  remarkable 
that  with  none  of  the  arts  of  popularity  a  man  so  little  depend 
ent  on  others'  appreciation,  so  self-subsistent  and  so  retiring, 


Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.        7 

who  never  sought  or  accepted  office,  who  had  little  taste  for 
co-operation,  and  no  bustling  zeal  in  ordinary  philanthropy, 
should  have  drawn  to  himself  the  confidence,  the  honor  and 
reverence  of  a  great  metropolis,  and  become,  perhaps,  it  is  not 
too  much  to  say,  our  first  citizen.  It  was,  in  spite  of  a  constitu 
tional  reserve,  a  natural  distaste  for  crowds  and  public  occasions, 
and  a  somewhat  chilled  bearing  toward  his  kind,  that  he  achieved, 
by  the  force  of  his  great  merit  and  solid  worth,  this  triumph 
over  the  heart  of  his  generation.  The  purity  of  the  snow  that 
enveloped  him  was  more  observed  than  its  coldness,  and  his  fel 
low-citizens  believed  that  a  fire  of  zeal  for  truth,  justice  and  hu 
man  rights,  burned  steadily  at  the  heart  of  this  lofty  personality, 
though  it  never  flamed  or  smoked.  And  they  were  right ! 
Beyond  all  thirst  for  fame  or  poetic  honor  lay  in  Bryant  the 
ambition  of  virtue.  Reputation  he  did  not  despise,  but  virtue 
he  revered  and  sought  with  all  his  heart.  He  had  an  intense 
self-reverence,  that  made  his  own  good  opinion  of  his  own  mo 
tives  and  actions  absolutely  essential.  And  though  little  tempt 
ed  by  covetousness,  envy,  worldliness  or  love  of  power,  he  had 
his  own  conscious  difficulties  to  contend  with,  a  temper  not 
without  turbulence,  a  susceptibility  to  injuries,  a  contempt  for 
the  moral  weaknesses  of  others.  But  he  labored  incessantly  at 
self-knowledge  and  self-control,  and  attained  equanamity  and 
gentleness  to  a  marked  degree.  Let  none  suppose  that  the 
persistent  force  of  his  will,  his  incessant  industry,  his  perfect 
consistency  and  coherency  of  life  and  character,  were  not 
backed  by  strong  passions.  With  a  less  consecrated  purpose,  a 
less  reverent  love  of  truth  and  goodness,  he  might  easily  have 
become  acrid,  vindictive  or  selfishly  ambitious.  But  he  kept 
his  body  under,  and,  a  far  more  difficult  task  for  him,  his  spirit 
in  subjection.  God  had  given  him  a  wonderful  balance  of  fac 
ulties  in  a  marvelously  harmonious  frame.  His  spirit  wore  a 
light  and  lithe  vesture  of  clay — that  never  burdened  him.  His 
senses  were  perfect  at  fourscore.  His  eyes  needed  no  glasses: 
his  hearing  was  exquisitely  fine.  His  alertness  was  the  wonder 
of  his  contemporaries.  He  outwalked  men  of  middle  age.  His 
tastes  were  so  simple  as  to  be  almost  ascetic.  Milk  and  cereals 
and  fruits  were  his  chosen  diet.  He  had  no  vices,  and  no 
approach  to  them,  and  he  avoided  any  and  everything  that 
could  ever  threaten  him  with  the  tyranny  of  the  senses  or  of 
habit. 

Regular  in  all  his  habits,  he  retained  his  youth  almost  to  the 
last.  His  power  of  work  never  abated,  and  the  herculean  trans 
lation  of  Homer,  which  was  the  amusement  of  the  last  lustre 
of  his  long  and  busy  life,  showed  not  only  no  senility  or  decline 
in  artistic  skill,  but  no  decrease  of  intellectual  or  physical 
endurance. 


8         Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant. 

Perhaps  the  last  ten  years  of  his  life  have  made  him  nearer 
and  dearer  to  his  fellow-citizens  than  any  previous  decade  ;  for 
he  had  become  at  last  not  only  resigned  to  public  honors,  but 
had  even  acquired  a  late  and  tardy  taste  for  social  and  public 
gatherings.  Who  so  often  called  to  preside  in  your  public 
meetings  or  to  speak  at  your  literary  or  social  festivals  ?  who 
has  pronounced  as  many  hearty  welcomes  to  honored  strangers, 
unveiled  as  many  statues,  graced  as  many  occasions  of  public 
sympathy?  who  so  ready  to  appear  at  the  call  of  your  public 
chanties,  or  more  affectionately  welcomed  and  honored  on  your 
platforms  ?  All  this,  coming  late  in  life,  was  a  grateful,  I  might 
almost  say  a  fond  surprise.  He  had  wrapped  himself  in  his 
cloak  to  contend  with  the  winter  wind  of  his  earlier  fortunes, 
and  the  harder  it  blew  (and  it  was  very  rough  in  his  middle 
life)  the  closer  he  drew  it  about  him.  But  the  sun  of  prosper 
ity  and  honor  and  confidence  that  warmed  and  brightened  the 
two  closing  decades  of  his  life  fairly  melted  away  his  proud 
reserve  toward  the  public,  and  he  lay  himself  open  to  the  warm 
and  fragrant  breeze  of  universal  favor.  He  was  careful,  how 
ever,  to  say  that  he  did  not  hold  himself  at  the  public's  high 
estimate.  In  a  long  conversation  I  had  with  him  at  Roslyn, 
two  years  ago,  he  showed  such  a  surprising  self-knowledge  and 
such  a  just  appreciation  of  popular  suffrages,  that  it  was  impos 
sible  to  doubt  his  genuine  humility,  or  jealous  determination 
not  to  be  deceived  by  any  contagious  sentiment  of  personal  rev 
erence  or  honor  springing  up  in  a  generation  that  was  largely 
ignorant  of  his  writings.  Yet  he  fully  and  greatly  enjoyed  these 
tributes — and  more  and  more,  the  longer  he  lived. 

Of  Mr.  Bryant's  life-long  interest  in  the  fine  arts  ;  his  large 
acquaintance  with  our  older  artists  and  close  friendship  with 
some  of  them ;  of  his  place  in  the  Century  Club,  of  which  he 
was  perhaps  the  chief  rounder,  and  of  which  he  died  the  hon 
ored  president,  I  could  speak  with  full  knowledge  ;  but  artists 
and  centurions  both  are  sure  to  speak  better  for  themselves  in 
due  time,  as  the  city  and  the  nation  surely  will. 

I  must  reserve  the  few  moments  still  left  me  to  bear  the  tes 
timony  which  no  one  has  a  better  right  to  offer  to  Mr.  Bryant's 
strictly  religious  character.  A  devoted  lover  of  religious  lib 
erty,  he  was  an  equal  lover  of  religion  itself — not  in  any  precise 
dogmatic  form,  but  in  its  righteousness,  reverence  and  charity. 
What  his  theology  was  you  may  safely  infer  from  his  regular 
and  long  attendance  in  this  place  of  Christian  worship.  Still 
he  was  not  a  dogmatist,  but  preferred  practical  piety  and  work 
ing  virtue  to  all  modes  of  faith.  What  was  obvious  in  him  for 
twenty  years  past  was  an  increasing  respect  and  devotion  to 
religious  institutions  and  a  more  decided  Christian  quality  in 
his  faith.  I  think  he  had  never  been  a  communicant  in  any 


Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.         9 

church  until  he  joined  ours,  fifteen  years  ago.  From  that  time, 
nobody  so  regular  in  his  attendance  on  public  worship,  in  wet 
and  dry,  cold  and  heat,  morning  and  evening,  until  the  very 
last  month  of  his  life.  The  increasing  sweetness  and  benefi 
cence  of  his  character,  meanwhile,  must  have  struck  his  familiar 
friends.  His  last  years  were  his  devoutest  and  most  humane 
years.  He  became  beneficent  as  he  grew  able  to  be  so,  and 
his  hand  was  open  to  all  just  need,  and  to  many  unreasonable 
claimants. 

The  first  half  or  even  two-thirds  of  his  life  had  been  a  hard 
struggle  with  fortune.  And  he  had  acquired  saving  habits, 
thanks  chiefly  to  the  prudence  of  his  honored  and  ever- 
lamented  wife.  But  the  moment  he  became  successful  and 
acquired  the  means  of  beneficence,  he  practiced  it  bountifully, 
indeed,  perhaps  often  credulously.  For  he  was  simple-hearted 
and  unsuspecting,  easily  misled  by  women's  tears  and  entreaties, 
and  not  always  with  the  fortitute  to  say  No — when  only 
his  money  was  at  stake.  Indeed  he  had  few  defensive 
weapons  either  against  intrusion  or  supplication,  and  could 
with  difficulty  withstand  the  approaches  of  those  that 
fawned  upon  him,  or  those  that  asked  his  countenance  for 
selfish  purposes.  Perhaps  he  understood  their  weaknesses, 
but  he  had  not  the  heart  to  medicine  them  with  brave  re 
fusal. 

He  endowed  a  public  library  in  Cummington,  his  birth 
place,  at  a  cost  of  many  thousands.  He  built  and  gave  a 
public  hall  to  the  village  of  Roslyn,  L.  I.,  the  chosen  and 
beloved  summer  home  of  his  declining  years.  When,  at  his 
request,  I  went  to  dedicate  it  to  public  use,  and  at  a  proper 
moment  asked  "What  shall  we  call  this  building?"  The  audi 
ence  shouted  "  Bryant  Hall."  No,  said  the  modest  benefactor, 
let  it  be  known  and  called  simply  "  The  Hall,"  and  The  Hall 
it  was  baptized. 

I  shall  have  spoken  in  vain,  if  I  have  not  left  upon  your 
hearts  the  image  of  an  upright,  sincere,  humane  and  simple  yet 
venerable  manhood — a  life  full  of  outward  honors  and  inward 
worth.  When  I  consider  that  I  have  been  speaking  of  one 
whose  fame  fills  the  world,  I  feel  how  vain  is  public  report 
compared  with  the  honor  of  God  and  the  gratitude  and  love  of 
humanity!  It  is  the  private  character  of  this  unaffected, 
Christian  man  that  it  most  concerns  us  to  consider  and  to  imitate. 
He  was  great  as  the  world  counts  greatness — he  was  greater  as 
God  counts  it. 

He  is  gone !  and  the  city  and  the  country  is  immeasurably 
poorer,  that  his  venerable  and  exalted  presence  no  more  adorns 
and  crowns  our  assemblies.  But  heaven  is  richer  !  The  Church 
of  Christ  adds  one  unaffected,  unsanctemomious  saint  to  its 


io       Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant. 

calendar.     The  patriarch  of  American  literature  is  dead.     The 
faithful  Christian  lives  ever  more: 

'«  Thou'rt  gone,  the  abyss  of  heaven 

Hath  swallowed  up  thy  form ;  yet  on  my  very  heart 
Deeply  hath  sunk  the  lesson  thou  hast  given 
And  shall  not  soon  depart." 

— Bryants  lines  "To  a    Waterfowl" 

We  are  about  to  bear  his  remains  to  their  quiet  and  green 
resting-place,  by  the  side  of  his  beloved  wife — the  good  angel 
of  his  life — in  Roslyn,  L.  I.  Let  me  read  in  conclusion  the 
warrant  for  this  step  in  his  own  poem  called  "  June,"  which  I 
am  persuaded  you  will  feel  to  be  the  only  fit  conclusion  of 
these  memorial  words : 

I  gazed  upon  the  glorious  sky, 

And  the  green  mountains  round, 
And  thought  that  when  I  came  to  lie 

At  rest  within  the  ground, 
'Twere  pleasant  that  in  flowery  June, 
When  brooks  send  up  a  cheerful  tune, 

And  groves  a  cheerful  sound, 
The  sexton's  hand,  my  grave  to  make, 
The  rich,  green  mountain-turf  should  break. 

A  cell  within  the  frozen  mould, 

A  coffin  borne  through  sleet, 
And  icy  clods  above  it  rolled, 

While  fierce  the  tempests  beat — 
Away  ! — I  will  not  think  of  these, 
Blue  be  the  sky  and  soft  the  breeze, 

Earth  green  beneath  the  feet, 
And  be  the  damp  mould  gently  pressed 
Into  my  narrow  place  of  rest. 

There,  through  the  long,  long  summer  hours, 

The  golden  light  should  lie, 
And  thick  young  herbs  and  groups  of  flowers 

Stand  in  their  beauty  by, 
The  oriole  should  build  and  tell 
His  love-tale  close  beside  my  cell ; 

The  idle  butterfly 

Should  rest  him  there,  and  there  be  heard 
The  housewife  bee  and  humming  bird. 

And  what  if  cheerful  shouts  at  noon 

Come  from  the  village  sent, 
Or  song  of  maids  beneath  the  moon 

With  fairy  laughter  blent? 
And  what  if,  in  the  evening  light, 
Betrothed  lovers  walk  in  sight 

Of  my  low  monument  ? 
I  would  the  lovely  scene  around 
Might  know  no  sadder  sight  nor  sound. 


Oration  at  the  Funeral  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.        u 

I  know  that  I  no  more  should  see 

The  season's  glorious  show, 
Nor  would  its  brightness  shine  for  me, 

Nor  its  wild  music  flow; 
But  if,  around  my  place  of  sleep, 
The  friends  I  love  should  come  to  weep, 

They  might  not  has-te  to  go. 
Soft  airs,  and  song,  and  light  and  bloom 
Should  keep  them  lingering  by  my  tomb. 


These  to  their  softened  hearts  should  bear 
The  thought  of  what  has  been, 

And  speak  of  one  who  cannot  share 
The  gladness  of  the  scene; 

Whose  part,  in  all  the  pomp  that  fills 

The  circuit  of  the  Summer  hills, 
Is  that  his  grave  is  green  ; 

And  deeply  would  their  hearts  rejoice 

To  hear  again  his  living  voice. 


Just  Issued,  in  izmo,  tip.  499,  pti,e  $1.50. 

CONNECTION  of  SACRED  HISTORY. 

By  Rev.  JAMES  GARNER,  England, author  of  "Theological Dissertations,"  "Biblical  History?  &>c. 

By  "  Connection  of  Sacred  History  "  is  meant  a  statement  of  historical  facts  in  relation  to  the  Jewish  nation,  which 
occurred  in  the  period  between  the  close  of  the  Old  Testament  history  and  the  incarnation  of  our  Saviour,  when  the  history 
of  the  Jews  in  relation  to  Christ  and  the  establishment  of  the  Christian  economy  commenced.  To  which  are  added  sev 
eral  chapters  on  the  Herodian  dynasty  and  the  condition  of  Judea  after  it  became  a  Roman  Province  ;  closing  with  the 
siege  of  Jerusalem  and  the  total  min  of  the  Jewish  nation. 

GENERAL 

I.  The  Deliverance  of  the  Jews  from  the  Babylonisn 
Captivity — The  Siege  ot  tfaoylon  by  DarmsHy- 
taspes-- Favored  condition  of  the  Jews. 
K.  The  Campaigns  of  Xerxes — Esther,  Mordecai,  and 
their  time. 

III.  Ezra  and  Nehemiah— Jt-rusalem  Restored. 

IV.  The  last  inspired  prophets,  Haggai,  Zachariah,  and 

Malachi. 
V.  Alexander  the  Great— The  Jews  in  relation  to  the 

Grecian  Conquest. 

Vf.  The  Division  of  the  Alexandrian  Empire — The  Con 
dition  of  the  Jews  under  the  Greco-Egyptian 
kings. 

VII.  The  S-ptuagint  Version  of  the  Old  Testament. 
VTI1    The  Jews  Persecuted  by  the  Egyptians — Jerusalem 
taken  by  the  Syrian?,  and  Retaken  by  Ptolemy, 
King  of  Egypt. 
IX.  'I  he  Corrupt  State  of  the  Jewish  Church— Jerusalem 

again  taken  by  Antiochus. 

X.  The  Syrian  Tyranny — Rise  of  the  Maccabees. 
XI.  The  Maccabean  Conquests. 
X  I    The   Maccabeans  involved   in   War  with  various 

Nations. 
XIII.  Commencement  of  the  Maccabean  Dynasty— Judas 

Maccabeus. 
XIV.  Jonathan,  the  Maccabean,  rises  to  tiie  Dignity  of  a 

King,  and  is  made  High  Priest. 

XV.  The  Wars  of  the  Jews  during  the  reign  of  Jonathan 
— The  General  Character  of  this  Prince. 

XVI.  The  Wars  and  Civil  Condition  of  the  Jews  during 

the  reign  of  Simon  the  Maccabean. 

XVII.  John  Hyrcanus  and  the  great  events  of  his  time. 
XVIII.  The  Destruction  of  the  Syrian  army — The  Jewish 


CONTENTS,: 

XIX.  The  Rise  ot  the  Pharisees  and   other  Jewish 

Sects. 

XX.  Aristobulus  and  Antigonus. 
XXI.  Alexander  Janneus,  King  of  Judea — His  numer 
ous  Conquests,  etc. 

XXII.  Queen  Alexandra— The  Troubled  State  ot  the 
Jews — Pompey's  Career . 

XXIII.  Hyrcanus     II— Civil     Wars— Herod    made 

Governor  of  Galilee. 

XXIV.  The  Circumstances  which  led   to  the  Rise  of 

Herod  to  Kingly  Authority. 
XXV.  Herod  the  Great— The  Events  of  his  Life. 
XXVI.  The  same,  continued 
XXVII.  Herod  the  Great-His  Family  Troubles-His 

Character  and  Death. 
XXVIII.  The   Herodian    Dynasty,  Archelaus,  Antipas 

and  others . 

XXIX.  John  the  Baptist. 
XXX.  Jesus  Christ  our  Saviour. 
XXXI.  The  various  Governors  of  Judea — When  it  was 

made  a  Roman  Province. 
XXXII.  The  Roman  Campaigns  and  Sieges  in  Judea. 

XXXIII.  The  Condition  of  Judea  previous  to  the  Siege 

of  Jerusalem. 

XXXIV.  Historical  Sketch  of  Jerusalem  and  Reflections 

thereon. 

XXXV.  The  Siege  of  Jerusalem,  first  series  of  attacks. 
XXXVI.  The  Siege  of    Jerusalem,   second    series    of 

attacks 
XXXVII.  The  Siege  of  Jerusalem,  third  series  of  attack: 

—The  City  Taken  and  Destroyed. 

XXXVIII.  The  whole  of  Judea  Subdued  by  the  Romans- 
Conclusion. 


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This  book  is  intended  as  an  introduction  to  the  reading  and  the  study  of  the  Sacred  Scriptures,  especially  those  of  the 
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A    VALUABLE   COMBINATION. 
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EITHER  OF   OUR  PERIODICALS, 

Combined  at  the  publishers'  price  of  the  JJook. 


SMITH'S  BIBLE  DICTIONARY  is  universally  admitted  to  be,  beyond  comparison,  the  best  book  of  the  kind  in  the 
English  language. 

The  original  work  appeared  in  three  large  volumes— too  expensive  except  for  a  very  limited  circulation.  Dr. 
bmith  then  prepared  a  most  valuable  abridgment  of  the  original  work.  This  abridgment  is  published  by  S.  S. 
bcranton  &  Co.,  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  a  single  large  octavo  volume  of  over  1,000  pages,  double  column,  beautifully 
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T  B  S  T  I  M  O  IT  I  A  L.S. 


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to  see  it  in  most,  if  not  all,  the  families  of  this  community. 

From  Rev.   C.  J.  Finney,  LL.D. 

This  is  a  work  of  rare  merit.  It  is  needed  by  every  fam 
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who  desire  to  understand  their  Bibles. 

From  Ri.  Rev  Charles  P.  Mcllvaine,  Bishop  of  the  Prot. 

Episcopal  Church,  Ohio. 

I  place  the  highest  value  on  Smith's  Dictionary  of  the 
Bible  for  learning,  fullness,  accuracy,  fairness,  and  all  the 
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character.  In  the  household,  for  theological  students,  and 
ministers  of  the  gospel,  the  importance  of  this  book  can 
hardly  be  ever-estimated. 


Prom  Western  Christian  Advocate, 

No  one  can  dispense  with  a  Bible  Dictionary,  and  no 
abridgment  is  better  than  this  one. 

From  Rev*  N.  C.  Burt,  D.D. 

Smith's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible  is  universally  regarded 
as  a  standard  authority  on  the  subjects  which  it  treats.  No 
other  one  work  can  pretend  to  equal  it  in  usefulness  and 
accuracy  and  excellence  as  a  Bible  Dictionary. 

Prom   Rev.    M.  Simpson,   D.D.  Bishop  M.    E.    Churth, 
Philadelphia. 

Dr.  Smith's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible  is  one  of  the  stand 
ard  English  works  which  I  am  glad  to  see  reprinted  here. 
It  embraces  in  a  single  volume  an  immense  amount  of 


Conybeare  and  Howson's  great  work  has  a  world-wide  reputation.  It  is  a  wonderful  monument  of  learning 
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The  book  is  beautifully  printed  in  octavo  form,  contains  917 -pages,  and  is  bound  in  fine  English  cloth.  It  i? 
published  by  Scranton  &  Co. 


WHAT    IS 

From  Rev.  James  Mr  Cosh,  D.D.,  LL.D.,   President  of 
Princeton  College,  N.  J. 

It  is  reckoned  a  standard  work  in  Great  Britain  by  all 
competent  to  judge,  and  I  am  glad  that  it  is  to  be  brought 
within  the  reach  of  the  common  people,  the  more  so  that 
it  is  written  in  so  clear  a  style  that  any  intelligent  man  can 
understand  it. 
From  Rev.  T.  D.  Wooisey,  D,D.,  President  of  Yale  College. 

1  heartily  commend  this  book  as  one  calculated  more  than 
any  I  have  ever  seen  to  bring  the  Life  of  the  great  Apostle 
before  our  eyes.  I  know  no  other  work  of  the  kind  so 
likely  to  be  useful  to  intelligent  Christians  in  helping  them 
to  understand  the  Sacred  Oracles. 


O.F    IT, 

From  Rev.  Henry  Smith,  D.D.,  Prof,  in  Lane  Theological 
Seminary,  Cincinnati, 

No  modern  contribution  to  New  Testament  exposition 
has  commanded  a  more  universal  admiration  among  schol 
ars  than  the  great  work  of  Conybeare  and  Howson,  and  is 
equally  well  adapted  to  secure  the  suffrages  of  the  people 
at  large. 

From  Rev.  Charles  Elliott  t  D.D.,  Pro/.  Biblical  Literature 
and  Exegesis,  Chicago,  III. 

The  best  Biblical  scholars  of  the  age  have  expressed  their 
approval  of  it.  Every  one  who  would  study  successfully 
the  "  Life  and  Epistles"  of  the  great  Apostle  to  the  Gen 
tiles  should  procure  a  copy. 


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i2tno,  4.54  pp.,  price  $1.50. 

A  DIGEST  OF  BIBLICAL  HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY: 

Being  an  introduction  to  the  study  of  the  Old  Testament  Scriptures. 

By  JAMES  GARNER,  author  of  "  Theological  Dissertations^  etc. 

Commendations  from  the  English  Press. 

"We  know  of  no  work  on  the  plan  of  this  so  concise,  full  and  interesting.  It  is  a  valuable  digest  of  Scripture  His 
tory." — Christian  Journal. 

"This  History  is  concise,  comprehensive,  and  the  remarks  which  are  interwoven  are  sound,  judicious  and  valuable."— 
The  Methodist  Recorder. 

"In  Mr.  Garner's  Biblical  Literature  both  the  historical  and  prophetical  books  have  been  thoroughly  searched  and 
investigated,  and  the  result  is  a  capital  introduction  to  the  study  of  the  Old  Testament." — Wesleyan  Times. 

SUBJECTS  OP  THE  CONTENTS: 


I.  Introduction — Sacred  History  and  the  Creation 
II.  The  World  before  the  Flood. 

III.  The  Patriarchal  Age. 

IV.  Israel  in  the  Land  of  Egypt. 

V.  The  Emancipation  of  Israel  from  Egypt. 
VI.  The  Hebrews  in  the  Wilderness. 
VII.  The  Israelites  in  the  Land  of  Canaan. 
VIII.  The  Government  of  the  Hebrews  under  the  Judj 
IX.  Change  in  the  Hebrew  Government  under  the  . 
ministration  of  Samuel. 


X.  The  Hebrew  Monarchy  Established  in  the  reign  ol 

David. 

XI.  The  Hebrew  Monarchy  in  the  reign  of  Solomon. 
XII.  The  Hebrew  Kingdom  Divided. 

XIII.  The  Babylonish  Captivity. 

XIV.  A  Dissertation  on  the  Book  of  Job. 

XV.  The  Hebrew  Prophets— Elijah  and  Elisha. 
XVI.  The  Hebrew  Prophets  and  their  Writings. 
XVII.  The  Hebrew  Minor  Prophets. 


By  R, 


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1.  CONNECTION    OF    SACRED     HISTORY:    A    Narrative    of 
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"Mr.  Garner's  Connection  of  Sacred  History  cannot  fail  to  rivet  the  attention  of  all,  while 
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2.  A  DIGEST  OF  BIBLICAL  HISTORY    AND   BIOGRAPHY; 

being  an  introduction  to  the  study  of  the  Old  Testament  Scriptures. 

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dolf  Kogel,  D.D.  "The  Golden  A  13  C."  Rudolf  Kogel,  D.D.  "Three  Ways 
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